G
Gas cap
A layer of natural gas, lying as a cap above the oil in a reservoir.
Gas cap drive
The fact that the gas cap widens when pressure is lowered, which makes the oil migrate upwards. This is used when recovering oil.
Gas injection
A method that is used to maintain the reservoir or a secondary recovery method, where gas is injected in order to supplement the pressure in an oil reservoir or field.
Gas kick
A condition that arises when the down hole pressure exceeds what is exerted by the column of drilling fluids in a well. This allows gas to escape to the surface. If the gas kick is not controlled, it can develop into a blowout.
Gas oil
Medium-heavy distilled/refined crude products.
Gas-to-liquids (GTL)
Converting natural gas into fluent form so it transports easier. Often, the fluid will be converted back into natural gas before use.
Gas to oil ratio (GOR)
The relationship between the produced amounts of natural gas and oil.
Gauge
The diameter of the drill bit or the wheel that the drill bit has drilled
Gauging
A procedure that measures the amount of fluid in a container.
Gel
A type of clay that is added to the drilling mud.
Go-devil
A cylinder-shaped block with auto-adjusting knife blades. It is used to clean the inner tubing.
Going in hole
The process when the drill string is put into the borehole. Is also called running in the hole.
Gravel pack
A method that prevents production of formation sand. At gravel pack operations, a steel screen is installed in the well and the surrounding annulus. The annulus is packed with prepared gravel of a specific size, which is designed to prevent the passage of formation sand. Primary objective is to stabilise the formation while causing minimal impairment to well productivity.
Gravel pack
Gravity
An API standard for measuring the density of a fluid. Density is measured in degrees; a low number means that a fluid has a high density and low numbers indicate a light fluid.
Gun perforator
See perforating gun
Gyroscopic Survey
A survey which is conducted inside the casing of a well. This is done in order to measure trajectory and position. Due to the casing of the steel, magnetic readings are prevented.
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